Allergy & Immunology

Infant gut IgA coating patterns differ by farming versus urban lifestyle and correlate with atopy.

In two infant cohorts (9 OOM, 21 ROC; allergy prevalence 40% in ROC, <2% in OOM), stool IgA‑SEQ at ~6 months showed differential IgA coating of taxa linked to later atopic outcomes. Higher IgA coating of Prevotella melaninogenica and Pasteurellaceae associated with allergic infants, while Ruminococcus gnavus coating was higher in nonallergic infants. Breastfeeding correlated with higher fecal IgA and greater milk IgA reactivity to Bifidobacterium infantis in the low‑allergy community. Authors propose that community differences in milk and gut IgA responses may shape early immune‑microbiome trajectories relevant to atopy risk. 1

Real-world pediatric peanut OIT with toasted peanuts: modest desensitization, frequent reactions.

Sixty children (median age 8.2 years) underwent P‑OIT using toasted peanuts with desensitization (630 mg peanut protein) achieved in 36.7% after median 22.7 months. At least one adverse reaction occurred in 71.7%, mostly mild, but 18.3% had anaphylaxis and 5% received adrenaline. Seventeen patients (28.3%) discontinued, commonly for loss to follow‑up, and some patients remained at lower tolerated doses. Authors note reduced Ara h 2 specific IgE among completers, but call for prospective controlled studies and better adherence strategies. 2

Systematic scoping review identifies many risk factors for cutaneous irAEs on immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Across 50 studies (198,514 patients), about 12.5% experienced at least one cutaneous immune‑related adverse event (cirAE). Review cataloged 68 distinct risk factors spanning demographics, cancer type, treatment regimen, and biomarkers, with melanoma linked to higher cirAE risk. Reporting quality and prospective validation were limited, producing heterogeneous effect estimates across studies. Authors recommend validating clinically actionable risk markers before routine risk‑stratified monitoring or prophylaxis. 3