Transplant Surgery

Neighborhood segregation linked to reduced access to living donor liver transplantation

In a national cohort of 22,223 adult liver transplant candidates, high residential segregation was associated with lower LDLT access (AHR 0.81, 95% CI 0.74–0.88). Hispanic or Latino candidates in high-segregation neighborhoods had markedly lower LDLT access (AHR 0.59, 95% CI 0.49–0.72). Candidates wait-listed at high-segregation transplant centers also had lower LDLT access (AHR 0.64, 95% CI 0.59–0.70). Patients with Medicare or Medicaid at high-segregation centers showed the largest deficit in LDLT access (AHR 0.53, 95% CI 0.45–0.51). 1

Randomized trial testing a structured lifestyle program to lower cardiovascular risk after kidney transplant

KT-LIFESTYLE randomizes kidney transplant recipients 1:1 to individualized exercise and dietary counseling versus standard advice with 36 months follow-up. The primary outcome is change in 10-year Framingham cardiovascular risk score over 36 months, integrated into routine follow-up. Secondary outcomes include renal function, body composition, inflammation, gut microbiota, quality of life, adherence, and clinical events. Results will inform feasibility and long-term effectiveness of multidisciplinary lifestyle programs after kidney transplantation. 2

Ultra-early hemispherotomy in infants shows favorable seizure and developmental outcomes

In a matched cohort (23 surgical infants, 115 controls), hemispherotomy at a mean age of 3.5 months achieved Engel Ia in 82.6% at 1 year and 78.2% at mean 44.4-month follow-up. Surgery was associated with higher developmental quotients (β = 30.2, 95% CI 19.5–40.9; p < .001) versus controls. No perioperative deaths or permanent severe complications occurred; transient weakness and hydrocephalus were reported. By last follow-up, 69.6% of surgical infants had discontinued anti-seizure medications. 3