Endocrinology

Mazdutide 9 mg weekly produced large weight loss in Chinese adults with obesity

In a double-blind randomized trial (n=461), mazdutide 9 mg weekly plus lifestyle reduced mean body weight by 16.65% at 60 weeks versus 1.50% with placebo. Eighty-four percent of mazdutide recipients achieved ≥5% weight loss versus 33.1% with placebo. Gastrointestinal adverse events were common, including vomiting (53.1%), nausea (46.9%), and diarrhea (39.4%). Treatment discontinuation due to adverse events occurred in 2.9% of mazdutide recipients; safety monitoring and patient counseling are essential. 1

Women remain underrepresented in lung cancer RCTs, affecting adverse event reporting

Systematic review of 636 RCTs (265,989 participants) found a pooled female enrolment disparity (EID) of -3.17%, indicating underrepresentation. Underrepresentation was most pronounced in very high HDI regions and several trial subgroups. Trial-level differences in female representation were associated with differences in reported adverse event incidence across treatment settings. The findings support improving recruitment and transparent sex-disaggregated safety reporting to enhance generalisability. 2

Once-weekly basal insulins give comparable glycemic control to daily basal insulin

Meta-analysis of 14 RCTs (8,487 adults with T2DM) found once-weekly basal insulin reduced HbA1c more than daily insulin (MD -0.09%, 95% CI -0.15 to -0.03). Time-in-range improved modestly (MD 1.86%, 95% CI 0.73 to 2.98), and odds of HbA1c <7% were higher (OR 1.32). Rates of level 2 or 3 hypoglycemia were similar between once-weekly and daily basal insulin. Consider once-weekly formulations to simplify regimens, recognizing the glycemic advantages are small. 3